The forces identified as Deep Waves - geopolitics, debt, technology, and demographics - are accelerating, exerting greater influence on country risk assessment and strategic decision-making. As part of Franklin Templeton's ongoing Deep Water Waves series, the firm delves into how these forces are reshaping the global landscape. They explore the intensifying geopolitical dynamics following this year’s election cycle and their implications for investors. On the demographic front, they focus on the profound effects of increasing longevity, including its impact on savings and retirement behaviour, pressures on healthcare systems, and shifting consumer trends.